The Instruments
Drum - enormous temple drums are played with two padded drumsticks, this is the first instrument to learn.
Conch Shell - The second instrument studied, these are played from the rooftop each morning as a "call to prayer", and are used in the prayer sessions.
Bell & Damaru - a hand bell and hand drum that have to be played and synchronised in the prayer sessions. Sometimes only by the Dorje Lobpon, (the prayer-leader), and occasionally by all participants depending on the prayer session.
Ratung - Long horns reminiscent of an Alpine horn. To be able to hold a note for a long time, a monk must become skilled in the circular breathing technique. The longer the horn the more difficult they are to play as they require more breath. Ordinarily 6ft long, they can reach up to 10ft. There are also several varieties of ratung, for example during Gyarol, Chinese Music, the ratung used has a bulbous end creating a fuller sound.
Gangling - Played by the Jaoling players this is a keyless, hole-less trumpet.
Jaoling - A difficult instrument to master, they resemble oboes in structure (with a reed that sits in the mouth as you play), and the bagpipes in sound. You must be able to play them continuously through the circular breathing technique of forcing breath out with your cheeks as you breath in.
Cymbals - Played by the Umsie (Chant Leaders). There are two types of cymbal, the Sil-Nyen which are flat, and the Rol-Mo which are bulbous. The many set rhythms are difficult to master.
Gong - Played by the Chopon (Shrine Attendant), the gong is used primarily during the short breaks in the prayer session. Building slowly up to a crescendo as the time to return to prayer approaches. (Breaks are usually 5 minutes). There are two type of gong, small and large, that depend on the prayer session.
Bamboo Flute - This is used in Gyarol, or Chinese Music, that is played to welcome an honoured guest. Once you have mastered the Jaoling you may study the flute.
